The logic behind India’s engagement with Northern Europe is fundamentally changing. When India first met with the Nordics (Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark) in Stockholm, 2018, and again at Copenhagen, 2022, it was a relationship based largely on climate cooperation, innovation and digitalisation. The partnership is still anchored in these priorities, but a changed geopolitical context gives it a new strategic depth and economic purpose. The current change reflects more than just bilateral ties. The war in Ukraine transformed Europe’s order of security, while tensions within trans-Atlantic relations have upset long-held assumptions. Oslo summit must mark India’s northward turn.
India, while not an Arctic nation is undeniably a stakeholder in the Arctic.