On Wednesday, the Gujarat government introduced a bill in the assembly to implement a Uniform Civil Code, replacing religion-specific personal laws with uniform rules on marriage, divorce, succession, live-in relationships, and related issues for all state residents. (Gujarat Assembly complex – PTI) Deputy Chief Minister Harsh Sanghavi tabled the bill, drafted based on a report from a committee headed by retired Supreme Court judge Ranjana Prakash Desai. Sanghavi stated that the proposed Gujarat Uniform Civil Code, 2026, seeks to establish uniformity, gender justice, and simplification in personal laws throughout the state. However, the code does not apply to members of Scheduled Tribes under the Constitution or to groups whose customary rights are protected under Part XXI of the Constitution. The proposed code will apply to the state and its residents, regardless of their place of residence. The code will apply to individuals born in Gujarat, owning property there, employed by state or central government entities, or who have resided in the state for the past ten years. The BJP-governed Uttarakhand became the first state to enact a UCC law in February 2024. Other BJP-governed states like Assam and Gujarat have pledged to enact the UCC, the ruling party’s sole major ideological commitment yet to be fulfilled. Gujarat’s iteration of the code also aims to formalize live-in relationships through mandatory registration, along with penalties for failing to register, providing false information, or entering banned arrangements. Additionally, it mandates that the registrar notify the local police station upon receiving a declaration about a live-in relationship and inform the parents or guardians if either partner is under 21. The legislation requires all couples living in Gujarat to register their live-in relationships, irrespective of their residency status in the state. Gujarat residents in a live-in relationship outside the state can opt to register voluntarily. Couples are required to provide a statement to a registrar, who checks that the relationship does not include a minor, someone already married, or individuals related within forbidden degrees of kinship. A woman abandoned by her partner in a live-in relationship can seek court-ordered maintenance. Per the code, couples failing to register within one month of starting a live-in relationship risk up to three months in jail, a fine of up to ₹10,000, or both.
