Split ends, medically known as trichoptilosis, occur when the protective outer layer of the hair (cuticle) gets damaged (Image: Freepik). Split ends are one of the most common hair concerns—and also one of the most misunderstood. From expensive serums to DIY fixes, people try everything to “repair” them. But what actually works?. To find out, we spoke to dermatologist Dr Shivani Yadav, Founder of Skin Avenue Clinic, who breaks down the causes of split ends and how to manage them properly.. Dr Yadav explains that split ends, medically known as “trichoptilosis,” occur when the outer protective layer of the hair (the cuticle) is damaged. This leads to fraying, where a single strand splits into two or more parts. According to Dr Yadav, everyday habits are often to blame.. “The most common causes include excessive heat styling, frequent chemical treatments, over-washing, harsh shampoos, and environmental factors such as sun exposure, pollution, and humidity,” she explains. Even tight hairstyles and rough towel-drying can weaken hair over time.. DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.. Can split ends actually be repaired?. Frequent chemical treatments like coloring, rebonding or keratin, over-washing, and harsh shampoos can also lead to split hair (Image: Freepik). This is where most people get it wrong. “Once a hair strand has split, it cannot be permanently repaired,” Dr Yadav says. While many products claim to “seal” split ends, they only offer temporary smoothing.. “The only effective and long-term solution is trimming the damaged portion,” she adds. Regular trims help prevent the split from travelling further up the hair shaft and causing more breakage.. Story continues below this ad. Also Read | The halo lip trend may go viral in 2026, but Indians have been doing it for years — here’s the desi hack. What actually helps manage split ends?. “While you can’t reverse them, you can definitely manage and minimise their appearance,” the dermatologist assures. Dr Yadav recommends starting with a gentle, sulfate-free shampoo, followed by a nourishing conditioner. Weekly deep conditioning masks can help restore moisture, while a lightweight serum or leave-in conditioner can smooth the hair and reduce friction.. It’s also important to limit heat styling. “Always use a heat protectant when you do,” she advises. Switching to a wide-tooth comb and detangling gently—especially when hair is wet—can also minimise breakage.. Dermatologist-approved tips to prevent split ends. Prevention is key when it comes to healthy hair. Dr Yadav suggests trimming your hair every 6–8 weeks to keep ends healthy. Reducing heat styling and avoiding excessive chemical treatments can go a long way.. Protecting your hair from environmental stress is equally important. Cover your hair in harsh sun or polluti
