HealthNews
What is alpha-gal syndrome?
WASHINGTON (AP) — It’s common knowledge that ticks can spread infections that cause serious illnesses, including Lyme disease. Now health officials are trying to raise awareness of a lesser-known problem: a life-threatening allergy to meat triggered by tick bites.
The problem, known as alpha-gal syndrome, was first linked to a particular species of ticks about 15 years ago. But cases are on the rise as more people report symptoms such as hives, diarrhea and itchiness after eating as little as a mouthful of meat and — in some cases — dairy. The allergy doesn’t impact consumption of seafood or poultry. Chicken, turkey and eggs are all OK to eat.
For years, the standard treatment has involved avoiding foods that come from cows, pigs and lambs while carrying an epinephrine injector in case of medical emergency. But regulators recently approved the first drug for the condition, and more therapies may be on the way.
Here’s what to know about alpha-gal syndrome:
What causes it?
Unlike other tick-borne illnesses, such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, alpha-gal syndrome isn’t caused by a bacteria or a virus. Instead, it occurs when the human immune system triggers an allergic response to a type of sugar, known as alpha-gal.
Alpha-gal is found in the meat of most mammals, but not in humans or other primates. It’s also found in the saliva of certain ticks.
When eaten, the sugar is normally harmless. But when ticks bite through the skin, they can introduce the sugar directly into the bloodstream. That triggers the development of antibodies — immune system proteins that fight off foreign invaders — that quickly learn to identify and attack alpha-gal sugar molecules.
“It turns out that the skin is a fantastic way to make an allergic response,” said Dr. Scott Commins, an alpha-gal syndrome researcher at the University of North Carolina. “If this all happened orally, and we were eating alpha-gal like we do with steaks or barbecue, then we wouldn’t become allergic.”
People that develop the antibodies will often experience a strong allergic reaction a few hours after consuming meat or dairy. But it can take weeks or months for the problem to develop, with the severity of symptoms often increasing over time.
Why are more people being diagnosed with alpha-gal syndrome?
Experts point to increased awareness among health professionals and the public.
“I think part of it is more people have learned about it and are on the watch for this syndrome,” said Maria Diuk-Wasser, a Columbia University researcher who studies tick-borne diseases.
But rising cases also reflect the expanding habitat range of the lone star tick, the primary source of the condition in the U.S. Often identifiable by a white dot on its back, the lone star tick is most common in the eastern and southern U.S. But in recent years it’s been reported in new parts of the country, including the Great Lakes region and as far north as Martha’s Vineyard in Massachusetts.
Researchers worry that other types of ticks, including blacklegged ticks, may also increasingly spread the condition.
Roughly 450,000 Americans are estimated to have developed the allergy, according to a 2023 study by the the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
When should someone get tested?
People usually seek medical attention after experiencing worrisome symptoms, including hives, dizziness, difficulty breathing and swelling of the lips, throat, tongue or eyelids. Some people may only experience digestive issues, including diarrhea, stomach pain, vomiting and nausea.
Doctors diagnose the allergy based on results from a blood test, symptoms and other details reported by the patient, including whether they recall any recent bug bites.
The blood test detects the presence of alpha-gal antibodies, but not all patients with a positive result develop the condition. Sometimes the test can also be wrong.
“The blood test in and of itself is great, but you can’t rely on that just for diagnosis. You need the actual symptoms too,” Commins said. “In the allergy world, we have a lot of trouble with false positives on blood tests.”
Which foods are off limits?
Doctors generally advise patients to avoid beef, pork, lamb and other meats from mammals. Some people are still be able to consume dairy products from these animals, including milk, cheese and butter. Those with particularly severe reactions may need to avoid foods made with other animal byproducts such as gelatin, which is found in marshmallows and gummy bears.
One rare exception: meat from a small number of pigs that have been genetically modified to not produce alpha-gal. Approved for consumption by the Food and Drug Administration in 2020, the pigs are bred as part of an experimental effort to harvest animal organs for transplantation into humans. Deactivating the alpha-gal gene was a critical first step to make sure the human immune system wouldn’t immediately reject the foreign organs. Meat from these so-called “GalSafe” pigs is available from a company called Amaroo Hills.
People with the syndrome may also have to avoid certain medical products and implants. For instance, many heart valves are made from cow or pig parts.
How long does it last?
The allergy can fade away in some people after several years. Commins has seen that happen in about 15% to 20% of his patients. But it’s critical to avoid new tick bites.
What treatments are available?
In 2024, the FDA approved an injectable drug called Xolair for a variety of food allergies, including alpha-gal syndrome. The drug doesn’t reverse the condition but helps reduce severe allergic reactions after accidental exposure to meat.
The drug was first approved more than 20 years ago for patients with hard-to-control asthma. It works by reducing the release of biological chemicals that cause inflammation and other allergic reactions.
Commins and other researchers hope to study other previously approved drugs as new options for patients.
“There are certain (biologic drugs) out there nowadays that interfere with the allergic signaling,” Commins said. “We think that if you were on one of those — or if you got one quickly enough after a tick bite — perhaps it could interfere with the entire allergic response process.”
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Associated Press video journalist Mary Conlon contributed to this story.
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The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The AP is solely responsible for all content.
HealthNews
445 birds euthanized due to bird flu outbreak at Rhode Island market

The Rhode Island Department of Health and Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management said that 445 birds at a bird market in Providence were euthanized after the detection of avian flu during routine quarterly testing.
The department said that the asymptomatic birds were located at Antonelli Poultry.
The business must also remain closed until five days after the birds were disposed of and the entire business was cleaned and sanitized.
“Because staff at Antonelli Poultry may have been exposed to avian influenza, and out of an abundance of caution, RIDOH is monitoring all staff for 10 days for symptoms of avian influenza,” a release said.
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To prevent any foodborne illness, RIDOH recommended:
Wash hands, utensils, and cutting boards before and after contact with raw poultry, meat, seafood, and eggs.
Keep raw poultry and meat away from food that won’t be cooked—like fruits and vegetables.
Cook food to the proper temperature and use a food thermometer to check the food’s internal temperature. You cannot tell by looking at food if it is cooked to the proper temperature.
The following recommendations were also given to avoid avian flu:
Avoid direct contact with birds or other animals infected with, or suspected to be infected with, avian influenza.
Avoid direct contact with sick or dead wild birds, poultry, or other animals.
Do not touch surfaces or materials contaminated with saliva, mucous, or animal feces from wild or domestic birds or other animals with confirmed or suspected avian influenza.
Do not touch or drink raw milk (unpasteurized milk), especially from animals with confirmed or suspected avian influenza.
Do not handle any sick or dead wild birds or other animals without wearing personal protective equipment (PPE).
More information on avian flu in humans can be found here.
HealthNews
NEW: Avian Flu Confirmed at Antonelli Poultry in…
NEW: Avian Flu Confirmed at Antonelli Poultry in Providence, 445 Birds Euthanized
The Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH) and the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (DEM) want to alert consumers that birds at Antonelli Poultry in Providence tested positive for the H5N1 strain of avian influenza during routine quarterly testing by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).
The infected birds, which included live chickens and ducks, did not come from Rhode Island farms. They were from out-of-state dealers.
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On Saturday, the State Veterinarian oversaw the USDA-required humane euthanasia of about 445 asymptomatic birds at the market to prevent the spread of the disease to other birds. Per USDA regulations, Antonelli Poultry will be closed until 5 days after they have disposed of infected birds and have cleaned and sanitized all areas of the business. Antonelli Poultry is closely cooperating with DEM and RIDOH.
Staff Monitored for 10 Days
Because staff at Antonelli Poultry may have been exposed to avian influenza, and out of an abundance of caution, RIDOH is monitoring all staff for 10 days for symptoms of avian influenza. The overall risk of humans getting H5N1 remains low.
“Cooking poultry to the proper internal temperature of 165° kills bacteria and viruses, including avian influenza A viruses,” says Director of Health Jerry Larkin, MD. “RIDOH recommends that if anyone still has poultry they bought between June 9 and June 12 that was killed and dressed by Antonelli Poultry, they should double bag the poultry and dispose of it in their regular trash. If you have properly cooked and eaten chicken from Antonelli Poultry, the risk of becoming ill is very low; however, if you develop symptoms of avian influenza, you should seek medical care.”
Symptoms of avian influenza include eye redness, fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, muscle or body aches, fatigue, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, or pneumonia that requires hospitalization. People who get avian influenza can be treated with antivirals.
To prevent any foodborne illness, RIDOH recommends:
Wash hands, utensils, and cutting boards before and after contact with raw poultry, meat, seafood, and eggs.
Keep raw poultry and meat away from food that won’t be cooked—like fruits and vegetables.
Cook food to the proper temperature and use a food thermometer to check the food’s internal temperature. You cannot tell by looking at food if it is cooked to the proper temperature.
Avian influenza infections in humans are rare. The best way to prevent avian influenza in humans is for people to avoid exposure.
Avoid direct contact with birds or other animals infected with, or suspected to be infected with, avian influenza.
Avoid direct contact with sick or dead wild birds, poultry, or other animals.
Do not touch surfaces or materials contaminated with saliva, mucous, or animal feces from wild or domestic birds or other animals with confirmed or suspected avian influenza.
Do not touch or drink raw milk (unpasteurized milk), especially from animals with confirmed or suspected avian influenza
Do not handle any sick or dead wild birds or other animals without wearing personal protective equipment (PPE).
“DEM works closely with federal and State veterinary and public health officials to respond quickly to confirmed H5N1 cases in domestic birds,” said State Veterinarian Scott Marshall, DVM. “The USDA performs quarterly testing at live bird markets to ensure the public’s safety.”
This is Rhode Island’s first confirmed domestic bird case of avian influenza in 2026. Rhode Island has previously confirmed infections in noncommercial flocks in 2022 and in 2025.
To learn more about avian influenza in humans, visit RIDOH’s website. To learn more about avian influenza in animals, visit DEM’s website.
HealthNews
Dementia Specialists Reveal The Foods They Always Tell Patients To Eat More Of
Specialists Are Practically Begging People To Eat These 3 Foods That Actually Lower Dementia Risk
There are several things you can do to help control your brain health, including eating a few powerhouse foods.
As terrifying as the thought of dementia is, there’s hope in all of the ways we can prevent it. Certain protein sources can lower your dementia risk, as can finding purpose in life (the latter by 30%, actually). You can also keep your mind sharp by exercising, challenging your brain, sleeping, eating nutritious foods, getting social, limiting stress and not smoking.
Let’s focus on that nutrition piece: To create a simple, easy habit, what’s the main food dementia specialists want you to add to your plate? There are a few options, actually. Ahead, various types of those experts — from internists to professors to psychologists to neuroscientists — share their answers and explanations.
Leafy Green Vegetables
Spinach, kale, arugula, romaine, collards: They’re different foods, but they all fall into the same category of leafy green vegetables that protect brain health. While that probably isn’t surprising, let’s hear the expert-backed insight into why they’re a smart option.
“They are packed with nutrients the brain seems to benefit from, including folate, vitamin E, vitamin K, lutein and anti-inflammatory plant compounds,” said Dr. Dung Trinh, an internist of MemorialCare Medical Group and the chief medical officer of Healthy Brain Clinic in Irvine, California. “We also know that what is good for the heart and blood vessels is often good for the brain, and leafy greens support both.”
Jordan Weiss, an assistant professor at NYU Grossman School of Medicine and a scientific writer at Assisted Living Magazine, agreed. “My answer is boring, and I‘ll stand by it anyway: leafy greens,” he said. “Greens carry folate, vitamin K1, lutein and nitrate. Each is doing something useful in an aging brain.”
He pointed to data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, in which researchers followed 960 older adults for five years. “People eating roughly a serving a day of greens looked cognitively 11 years younger than people who rarely touched them,” he reported. “That effect size is wild for a single food, and it survived adjustment for overall diet, exercise and education.”
Your next potential question, especially if leafy greens aren’t your favorite: How many do you need to eat? Trinh and Weiss recommend aiming for at least one serving daily. What that can look like varies from a salad to a half-cup of cooked greens to a generous handful in a smoothie, omelet or soup.
“Going beyond that doesn’t seem to add much,” Weiss noted. Plus, remember to focus on doing what you can. Something is better than nothing. “The key is consistency, not perfection,” Trinh said. “You do not need an expensive supplement or a complicated cleanse — you need habits you can sustain for years.”
Fatty Fish
Yep, “fat” is not inherently unhealthy or a “bad” word, and this proves it.
“If I had to choose a single food to recommend for the prevention of dementia and cognitive protection, it would be fatty fish, specifically salmon, mackerel or sardines,” said Eleni Nicolaou, who has a Ph.D. in clinical psychology, specialized training in neurocognitive conditions, clinical practice supporting patients and families dealing with dementia and research on the effects of biological and lifestyle determinants. “I don’t recommend it because it is a superfood in the marketing sense, but because the evidence behind it is more consistent and specific than anything in the nutrition and brain health literature.”
She explained that the brain is about 60% fat, mostly composed of an omega-3 called DHA. The brain uses DHA to build and repair neurons, which transmit information. With lower DHA levels, communication in the brain slows down, and the brain is more susceptible to the inflammation that causes conditions such as Alzheimer’s.
All of that is to say, some of the highest levels of DHA are in fatty fish. Nicolaou pointed to studies affirming this. For starters, research published in Neurology found that the higher the levels of omega-3 in the blood, the better the brain structure and cognitive performance. Additionally, a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that long-term omega-3 supplementation was linked to a 64% lower risk of Alzheimer’s in participants followed for six years.
She incorporates this into her practice, of course, too. “In my clinical work with families dealing with dementia, getting consistent omega-3 intake into a patient’s weekly diet was one of the first dietary conversations I’d have because the evidence for it is very solid,” Nicolaou said. She recommended two to three servings a week, with one serving equaling around 100 to 150 grams.
Blueberries
Fruit lovers, it’s your time to shine. “I understand that blueberries are the single food most consistently linked with better brain aging because their high levels of anthocyanins and other antioxidants help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, two major drivers of cognitive decline,” said Christopher U. Missling, a neuroscientist who specializes in Alzheimer’s disease and is experienced in mechanisms linking diet, metabolism and brain health.
Research shows that blueberries can protect brain cells from damage, he continued, as well as improve communication between neurons and slow age-related memory loss by counteracting free-radical injury and supporting healthier blood vessels that support the brain.
How much and how often should blueberries be on your plate? According to Missling, most studies suggest around a half-cup to one cup of blueberries a day, but some observational research has shown benefits with just one serving a week.
Dementia prevention isn’t just about food.
While nutrition is undeniably helpful, it’s not everything. Health is all-encompassing, including social health, emotional health, environmental health and more. Experts will tell you this, too. “Food matters, but it works best as a part of a broader brain-health strategy,” Trinh said. “I tell patients to think in terms of ‘protect the brain by protecting the body’ — control blood pressure, stay physically active, prioritize sleep, treat hearing loss, stay socially engaged and eat in a way that lowers inflammation and supports vascular health.”
Missling agreed that nutrition is more complex than adding just one food. While blueberries are his No. 1 suggestion, he encouraged people to incorporate other brain-healthy foods, too. “No single food — blueberries included — can prevent dementia on its own, but regularly eating them as part of an overall pattern rich in colorful fruits, leafy greens, nuts, whole grains and omega-3-rich fish seems to offer the strongest cognitive protection,” he said. “Consistency matters more than perfection, and pairing these foods with sleep, movement and social engagement creates a much more powerful long-term effect on brain resilience.”
This article originally appeared on HuffPost.
HealthNews
Deadly dog virus is spreading across Arizona. Veterinarians say it’s preventable.
A deadly dog virus is spreading rapidly across Arizona, with cases up 250% compared to the same time last year, and an emergency veterinarian is warning Valley pet owners not to wait.
Dallas Elliott knows the fear of parvovirus firsthand. When her rescue German Shepherd mix was just four months old, the disease nearly killed him.
“Very quickly, he started vomiting and diarrhea, got really lethargic and wouldn’t come to me,” Elliott recalled. “I had him hospitalized and basically just had to hope he would pull through, and he did.”
What is parvovirus and why is it so dangerous?
Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious illness that attacks a dog’s immune system and digestive tract. It spreads through contaminated surfaces and can survive on lawns and floors for up to two years, making it extremely difficult to contain.
Dr. Victoria Schwertner at VEG ER for Pets in Phoenix has seen the spike firsthand at the clinic’s in Phoenix and Chandler.
“That’s what we’ve been hearing and what we’ve been seeing in the ER,” she said. “A lot of cases come to us because the signs come on pretty quickly and they usually need emergency services.”
Who is most at risk?
Puppies are especially vulnerable. Dr. Schwertner said dogs between six weeks and six months old, particularly those without a complete vaccine series, face the greatest danger.
Warning signs to watch for include loss of appetite, lethargy or unusual tiredness, vomiting and diarrhea with or without blood.
“If you notice any of these signs, act quickly,” Dr. Schwertner urged. “There’s no antiviral treatment,” only supportive care to help a dog’s body fight through the infection.
Prevention is the key
The good news: Parvovirus is entirely preventable through vaccination.
“Vaccines are what are saving lives,” Dr. Schwertner said. “We see so many puppies die of parvovirus when it could’ve just been as easy as getting a vaccine.”
Elliott’s dog is now 13 years old; healthy, happy and fully vaccinated. Her advice to other pet owners is simple: “Don’t take them to public places until they’re fully vaccinated. And get pet insurance, it’s worth it. If not for parvo, for something else along the way.”
If your dog is overdue for a parvo shot, here’s a list of low-cost vaccination clinics across Arizona:
Phoenix Area
• Arizona Animal Welfare League (AAWL) Community Vet Clinic — Open every Saturday 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., offering vaccines, flea/tick/heartworm and other wellness care. Located at 25 N. 40th St., Phoenix. Contact: 602-358-7267 or vetclinic@aawl.org.
• Arizona Humane Society — Vaccine appointments are available at both campuses and their Healthy Tails Mobile Vet Clinic. The $40 office visit fee is waived for vaccine-only appointments. Visit azhumane.org for locations and scheduling.
• SNiP Vet — Offers affordable vaccinations and microchipping in Phoenix on Wednesdays by appointment. Call 623-887-7647 or book online at snip.vet.
• Vetco Clinics (inside Petco) — Low-cost pet vaccinations from state-licensed veterinarians at multiple Arizona locations. Find locations and schedules at vetcoclinics.com.
Tucson Area
• ABC Vaccination Clinics — Located at 10185 E. Old Vail Rd., open every other Monday 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Vaccines for $25. Call (520) 495-5721.
• Arizona Spay Neuter — Located at 4 W. Grant Rd., open Monday through Thursday from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. Vaccines run $22–$26. Call (520) 624-5005.
• Humane Society of Southern Arizona — Located at 635 W. Roger Rd. Walk-in clinic on Wednesdays at 9 a.m. (arrive 30 minutes early — first come, first served). Vaccines cost $18 to $30. Call (520) 881-0321.
• Pet Care Tucson — A newer clinic at 7861 N. Oracle offering $18 vaccines; office visits start at $35. Call (520) 447-7707.
Prices and hours can change, so it’s always a good idea to call ahead or check the clinic’s website before visiting.
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HealthNews
Ozempic Users Are Skimping Out on Exercise, Study Finds
GLP-1 drugs like semaglutide (the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy) have changed weight loss treatment for the better. That said, people taking these medications might be less inclined to keep up with other healthy habits, research out today shows.
Doctors at HSHS Saint John’s Hospital in Illinois and others examined Fitbit data from people with obesity who were prescribed a GLP-1 medication. People’s level of physical activity significantly decreased after starting a GLP-1, they found. Though preliminary, the study’s findings suggest that promoting exercise should be an important part of managing the care of patients who go on these drugs, the researchers say.
The GLP-1 paradox
While exercise isn’t a major driver of weight loss, at least for most people, it’s long been recommended alongside diet. When people lose weight, they lose both fat and lean body mass, some of which can include muscle. Exercise can help stave off this muscle loss and maintain people’s physical strength and functioning.
Though people can lose weight through lifestyle changes alone, the addition of GLP-1 therapy has proven to be much more effective on average. The researchers wanted to understand how people taking these drugs might alter their level of exercise, so they turned to data from the All of Us research program, an ongoing project that tracks the health of a large, diverse group of Americans.
They focused on a subset of volunteers, 753 in total, who were prescribed a GLP-1 for their obesity and also had Fitbit activity data available before and after their prescription. These GLP-1s included the newest drugs on the market, like semaglutide and tirzepatide, as well as older medications liraglutide and dulaglutide.
Overall, people’s physical activity decreased after starting a GLP-1, the researchers found. The average daily steps of GLP-1 users dropped from 5,047 to 4,487, for instance, while their daily level of moderate-to-vigorous activity lowered from 28 minutes to 22 minutes. This decline in exercise was steeper among men as well as people who also reported having some amount of musculoskeletal pain.
What to do
The team’s research is set to be presented this weekend at ENDO 2026, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting. That means these findings are preliminary, so they should be viewed with more caution than usual. Other research, including from large-scale clinical trials, has also indicated that muscle loss isn’t a major concern for people taking a GLP-1 and that people’s physical functioning generally improves while on these drugs.
Still, there are some GLP-1 users who are at greater risk of muscle loss than others, particularly older people. And since exercise is one of the healthiest things you can do no matter your current weight or medication status, it should still be concerning if many GLP-1 users are dropping their gym or walking routine. The researchers argue that people going on these drugs should be reminded about the importance of maintaining their exercise habits.
“These findings suggest that weight loss alone may not promote increased physical activity, highlighting the need for targeted interventions that encourage physical activity alongside pharmacologic therapy,” they wrote in their paper.
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