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Artificial Intelligence used to design brand new viruses

Researchers in the US claim that Artificial Intelligence was used to create brand-new viruses, which are functional and capable of replication.
AI has successfully created whole genomes for the first time.
These 16 new viruses are designed to attack bacteria but not people.
This breakthrough was hailed as a “very important turning point” for science, which could open up a whole new world of disease treatment. Experts have warned that AI-designed virus raises “urgent safety and security issues”.
AI is rapidly improving and has already been applied to the design of new antibiotics.
It is a relatively easy task compared to creating a virus.
This is an advanced step for the design of complexity by generative AI. It’s the first time that generative AI was used to create a genome. The design is something that is capable of replicating and has other functions within cells. For us, this territory was brand new.
This technology is similar to the large language models like ChatGPT that predict text sequences.
The AI models Evo1 and Evo2 predict that the language of the life, rather than the words used to describe it, is what they are predicting in this case.
These AI models are trained using genetic code from bacteria, viruses and humans.
The viruses were refined into a type known as a “bacteriophage”, which only infects specific bacteria species.
Stanford researchers selected 302 AI models that they thought were most promising and synthesized them in their lab. Sixteen of these designs were effective in killing E.coli bacteria.
Samuel King, PhD student at the lab, told how they realized the phage was working during the very early morning hours.
Scientists placed the phage on petri plates that had a thin layer of bacteria growing on it. They waited to see if their newly created viruses enjoyed the meal.
King says, “It was very exciting to start seeing these spots that were clear.” Hie remembers that when the team was informed of the results, “the whole room burst spontaneously into applause”.
The development of new phages could provide new treatment options for infections resistant to anti-biotics.
Synthetic biology is a new way of designing biology, which goes beyond what we know as the natural world.
Hie says that this could “massively enhance human health” through the development of new drugs and treatments.
There are already concerns that this technology may be misused to cause new illnesses.
In an accompanying commentary to the Science journal, Dr Thomas Inglesby from Johns Hopkins University and Dr Moritz Hanske of the Center for Health Security wrote that these findings raised “urgent questions” about biosafety.
The researchers said that it wasn’t a matter of whether “generative viral genome designs” exist, but if they can be applied without “allowing serious harm”.
They said, for example, that new viruses which have the potential to be harmful “should not pursued”.
Researchers themselves have taken steps to ensure maximum safety. The researchers themselves took steps to maximise safety.
Hie says that even the existing safeguards are a good way to “ensure that technology is used in a positive manner”.
Computer bits and atoms
AI would need to make a significant step forward before it could create living organisms.
The genetic code for the phage measures approximately 5,400 base pair (letters). A living cell’s smallest genome is approximately 500,000 base pair. Three billion base pair make up the human genome.
Hie said “it wouldn’t be impossible, but it would take a lot more work” to try some simple organisms. They were “definitely” interested in working toward that.
Professor Marc Guell from the Pompeu Fabra University’s synthetic biology laboratory in Spain said that the study marked a “very important turning point”, because “for the first time in history we begin to design biology using a computer”.
It “allows us the dream of exciting opportunities for taking on humanity’s biggest challenges”, he said. These include developing phages that can fight disease, enzymes that treat genetic disorders, and antibodies which could be used as immunotherapy.

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Trump administration plans to give ICE officers electric-shock gloves

The United States administration under President Donald Trump plans to spend millions to outfit federal immigration agents in gloves that can deliver electric shocks.
A notice published on Monday stated that the Department of Homeland Security estimates it will spend between $10m to $20m for such gloves by March 20, 2027.
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These devices go by the acronym CT-G5 G.L.O.V.E. (Generate Low output Voltage Emitter). Currently, they are used in some police and jail departments.
Compliant Technologies says that the gloves can be used “to quickly distract by applying small, uncomfortable electrical pulses to skin” to an individual. Department of Homeland Security stated that they will be used to “distract and deescalate”.
The user guide states that the gloves are capable of producing 380 volts maximum, “which inhibits/distracts” the subject’s ability to perform coordinated muscle movements.
Rights advocates have already expressed concern that the planned purchase will lead to the use of the gloves against protesters or immigrants held in custody by the Department.
Immigration and Customs Enforcement, which is at the forefront of Trump’s mass-deportation campaign, falls under Homeland Security.
In its announcement on Monday, ICE stated that it has a need to purchase and distribute gloves to the agents of Enforcement and Removal Operations (one of their subsidiaries) and Homeland Security Investigations.
But ICE’s tactics have been criticized, with accusations including racial discrimination and excessive violence.
Since the beginning of 2018, at least four people were killed in encounters with ICE officers. Dozens of people have also died while in ICE’s custody.
The National Immigration Law Center issued a press release on Wednesday criticizing the planned glove purchase. They called it a way to escalate violence towards vulnerable communities.
The article also stated that the Republican-led Congress approved tens billions in ICE expenditures in June as part of Secure America Act.
In a statement, NILC president Kica Mantos stated that “this is rogue organization with $80 billion slush funds which allows it to invent and fund new methods to perpetrate cruelty on our communities.” It is barbaric and disgusting to arm poorly-trained agents with shock gloves in order to cause pain our neighbors.
Associated Press, the very first media outlet to cover the story, did not receive a response from the Department of Homeland Security.
Jeff Niklaus is the founder and CEO at Compliant. He told the publication via email: “Unfortunately we cannot speak about this topic.”
Compliant has claimed in the past its products are “humane”, and don’t cause harm.
The manufacturer claims that the technology is “safe” because it doesn’t penetrate into the body of the person being stimulated. It also allows other officers to hold the person without fearing feedback.
Compliant does not recommend using the glove on people who are at “higher risks”, such as the elderly, children under the age of five, women pregnant or with disabilities. According to Compliant, officers must complete a training course on how to properly use the gloves. They are also required to be recertified at least every two years.
This notice could be posted by Friday.

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ICE Plans to Give Officers Gloves That Can Deliver Electric Shocks

Trump plans to invest millions in equipping immigration officials with gloves capable of delivering electric shocks.
Department of Homeland Security officials described the gloves in a way that would “deescalate tensions.” However, critics expressed concern about giving immigration agents another tool which they believe could increase their use of violence. Former Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers have expressed concern about the plans. They have asked whether gloves should be used against those accused of immigration law violations, which are mainly civil infractions.
ICE’s aggressive tactics have already led to criticism as they carry out the mass deportation program of President Trump. Since Mr. Trump’s return to office, immigration agents have used pepper spray on protesters and dragged them out of their vehicles. They also fatally shot six people.
The Homeland Security Department announced in an announcement published Monday that it would be purchasing the CTG-5 G.L.O.V.E., which is short for Generated Low Output Voltage Emitter. The department also stated that it would distribute them to ICE agents and officers who are involved in immigration enforcement, criminal investigations and other related tasks. According to the notice, the contract may be up to $20,000,000 and could be completed by March.
Department officials did not respond to questions regarding the use of gloves, including whether or not they were intended for apprehending individuals in immigration operations and during confrontations with demonstrators.
The department stated that “ICE constantly assesses the needs of its officers on the ground to make sure they have all the equipment and tools necessary to arrest criminal illegal aliens and safely remove them from the country.” Every decision made by ICE is carefully considered and reviewed in order to make sure that the technology it uses is compliant with applicable laws and standards.
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Trump sued over $100,000-a-month early-access offer to Truth Social posts

Donald Trump was sued for alleged corruption after allegations were made about a service that charged up to $100,000 per month to gain early access to posts on the Truth Social platform.
Intercept, Freedom of the Press Foundation and two of Trump’s aides filed the lawsuit in the US District Court for the Southern District of New York against Trump and the Executive Office of the President.
The complaint targets the “Truth API”, a data feed that was launched by Trump Media & Technology Group on August 1, the same company as Truth Social. In the complaint, it is called “extraordinary”, “corrupt” and “unconstitutional”.
Subscribers can access posts faster than other users. This includes Trump’s account as well as the accounts of JD Vance, the press secretary Karoline Lavitt, and others. Subscribers can pay $100k a year, or $60k a year for three years.
Requests for comments on the case were not responded to immediately by either Trump Media or The White House.
Trump is known to use Truth Social for market-sensitive information, such as posts about tariffs or the Iran war, that have caused swings in oil and stock prices. Kevin McGurn has promoted this service to businesses as a fast way to access the “most important” posts on the platform. It is a high-margin product that will provide “a meaningful, continuous source of income”.
Launched after Democratic Senators Adam Schiff and Elizabeth Warren urged Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to investigate whether service was a form of market manipulation that benefited insiders and hurt ordinary investors.
Trump Media, according to the complaint disclosed that on 10 August it had already more than ten subscribers. These included financial news outlets, high-frequency traders, and prediction markets. It was also exploring the licensing of the data, while working to prevent third-party tools from allowing outside groups to scrape and archive Trump’s posts.
Plaintiffs claim that Trump Media, whose largest shareholder is the president with an estimated $1bn stake, will profit personally from selling information produced in his official capacity.
This suit raises questions about historical records. Subscribers to Truth API have access to a history of all posts dating back as far as 2022. This includes those that were later altered or deleted. McGurn said, “We intend to create friction” for people who don’t come to us directly.
Plaintiffs ask the court to declare this arrangement illegal and bar the administration’s use of Truth Social exclusively for public announcements, while selling preferential access.

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Newly discovered “black hole star” could solve mystery of strange red dots spotted in the early universe

Scientists announced on Wednesday that they have discovered a type of object in astronomy called “black hole stars,” which could solve a mystery about strange red dots seen during the creation of our universe.
It looks just like a large star, and produces more than 100 billion times the energy of any other star. This is a powerful blast that comes close to that of a blackhole.
A team led by the United States of America used the James Webb Space Telescope to detect the black hole. The star dates back 660,000,000 years, and was discovered in a Nature study published on Wednesday.
Scientists have been baffled by the bright objects that it’s spotted in the early Universe. These “little red dot” cosmic objects are extremely bright and were first spotted in 2022.
In a press release, Rohan Naidu of University of Hawaii stated that “What these objects exactly are” has been a hotly debated topic during the JWST period.
It was believed that it would have been premature for galaxies to be so large.
They noticed a tiny red dot while looking at the pictures.
“Pure black hole star light”
Robert Simcoe is the co-author of the study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He said, “We often think that when we see red things in the sky, they are surrounded by soot, or ash.”
He added that astronomical items can appear more red than their natural color when viewed through dust.
When the team went through the data they collected, it was found that the light of the object simply vanished at certain wavelengths.
This surprised them, as it revealed that the object was not red due to dust but hydrogen gas.
The object was colored, but it didn’t explain how much energy the object could pump out.
Naidu said, “The energy that powers all stars is nuclear fusion. You can’t power this with it.”
They determined that the most probable scenario is that it’s powered by a black hole in the center, surrounded by gas to give the appearance of a star.
The object was named MoM-BH*-1 by the team. The black hole and asterisk stand for the star, and number 1 indicates that they think there may be more.
Naidu stated that “every little red dot fits the description of a black-hole star”.
What is unique about MoM-BH*-1, is that the blackhole star completely overshadows its host galaxy. We are seeing only black hole light.
Webb’s discovery of dust and water near Milky Way central black hole
A team of astronomers reported on Tuesday, that dust and water survived in an extreme environment near the Milky Way central black hole. The new mid-infrared observations, say scientists, provide the best view of IRS 3 yet. IRS 3 is just 0.55 light years from Sagittarius a*, Milky Way’s supermassive central black hole.
The team detected oxygen-rich particles in the dust surrounding the star using the Webb Telescope. This was the first detection of water within the envelope. These results demonstrate that even in the extreme conditions of a black hole, evolved stars such as IRS 3 are still capable of producing dust and other important materials for future stars.
Florian Peissker, lead author at the University of Cologne (Germany), said: “Galactic centres are some of the harshest environments. Understanding whether stars will continue to enrich their environment there is important.” Webb allows us to directly monitor how stars react under extreme conditions. We can see dust formation remains resilient.

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Mike Lindell refuses to concede in Minnesota primary despite getting far fewer votes

Mike Lindell has refused to accept defeat in Minnesota’s Republican primary for gubernatorial office, even though he was trailing the day after the polls had closed by double digits.
Late Tuesday evening, The Associated Press announced the winner of the Minnesota House Speaker Lisa Demuth’s race.
Demuth, with almost all the votes in, was over 45,000 votes ahead Lindell. Lindell had Donald Trump’s backing and beat him 43.4% to 32.55%.
Third place was occupied by businessman Kendall Qualls. He is backed up by the Republican State Party.
Lindell was informed by a LindellTV reporter that the AP declared the election over. He dismissed this wire service in utter disbelief. When asked why he didn’t accept this call, Lindell questioned the AP’s authority and claimed that hundreds of thousands more votes were still uncounted.
Lindell stated, “I won’t give up on this race before the results are in.” “That’s nonsense.”
Lindell has not responded to a question about what steps he plans to take to win the elections. He is waiting for the results.
Lindell’s political career was built on his claim that Trump’s defeat in 2020 is the result of a stolen and rigged election. He spent what he said were tens or even hundreds of millions of dollar pursuing this conspiracy theory, through litigation, documentaries, and conferences. Courts repeatedly rejected it. He settled last month with a defamation lawsuit brought against him by the voting technology firm Liberty Vote (formerly Dominion Voting Systems) for $1.3bn regarding his stolen election lies.
Lindell was also questioned about his eligibility to run. For weeks he wasn’t registered to vote for the governorship in which he sought. His registration was still active in Texas and tied to property owned by an Lufkin-based company, while he claimed to reporters that he had established Minnesota residency. Minnesota’s rules for same-day voter registration allowed him to cast his ballot and still run.
Trump has not been able to win Minnesota’s presidential election in the last three elections. He made a personal appeal to Lindell, on Twitter, to give him a decisive victory.
Lindell’s loss extended a series of defeats for Trump-endorsed politicians, such as Andy Ogles in Tennessee and Amir Hassan in Michigan, who was defeated by a former candidate.
Demuth has become the first female Republican nominee for governor in Minnesota. She called it a historic result, but added that her work on the campaign was not yet done.
In the general election in November, she will be facing Amy Klobuchar, a Democratic Senator who won easily her primary to replace Tim Walz, the retiring Governor.

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